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2018

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02

Historical descriptions of the water at Panshan Mountain

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  Li Daoyuan’s “Commentary on the Water Classic” states: “The Pan Shan River—its waters spring from the mountain… Thirty li from the mountain, one can see that the water atop the peak rises some twenty li high; its white rapids surge forth in grandeur, and its tumbling waves sweep through the valleys, flowing downstream…”
 
  During the Ming dynasty, Liu Dong described the clear springs of Panshan: “Beneath them flow many rushing streams; as the water moves and strikes the rocks, it splashes and murmurs day and night. Together with the sharp, downward‑pointing, broad‑framed stones, their forces sway and tilt, giving rise to what are called ‘pan springs.’ The springs stretch for ten li, their beds strewn with golden sand—cleaned by the stones themselves. Fish dart about, their shadows fleeting; they can neither be concealed nor caught, for the stones have formed natural tunnels that block their passage.”
 
  In his “Record of the Dry‑Foot Snow at Panshan,” the Qianlong Emperor wrote: “It gathers the waters of myriad mountains into a single ravine; the rushing torrents of Cangchi strike the rocky surface, and the rustling wind sings atop the pines. At times, after gloomy rain, the skies suddenly clear; when the streams swell with fury, they surge upward in a mighty torrent, crashing and resounding as they plunge straight downward, carrying stones along in their rush, pausing upon striking rock, clashing with a ringing clang, and sending waves soaring high. Even if a thousand men were to strike a great bronze bell, their sound could scarcely match its grandeur.”
 
  The eminent Qing‑dynasty monk Zhijin wrote in his poem “A Journey to Panshan”:
  White clouds drift faintly among myriad secluded mountains, while in the sheer valleys, cascading springs flow in a hundred streams.
  Beneath the peak, cascading water tumbles down, its form like strands of white silk gently drifting.

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